Adaptive AUTOSAR Architecture
Till now in this series on AUTOSAR, we have seen only about the classic AUTOSAR platform. Though the classic platform is really good and is able to support powertrain, braking, body control, driver assistance and a lot of other systems, It cannot support connected vehicles, IoT, automated driving and similar technologies related to cloud and automation. For this reason, AUTOSAR created a new platform called adaptive to support these technologies.
The AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform implements the AUTOSAR Runtime for Adaptive Applications. The term “adaptive system” refers to a process in which an interactive system adapts its behavior to individual users based on information acquired, the context of use and its environment. (One example could be autonomous driving with machine learning, where machine learning can learn and adapts its working post-learning. But this is not limited to machine learning it also includes how application adapts to the environment, for example, driving algorithm for icy surfaces have to behave differently compared to normal surfaces )
Below are some elements of Adaptive platform architecture
Execution Management is responsible for platform initialization and the startup and shutdown of Adaptive Applications
Persistency offers mechanisms to Adaptive Applications to store information in the non-volatile memory of a machine. The data is available over boot and ignition cycles
Platform Health management/Health Monitoring satisfies the ISO 26262 requirements under the terms control flow monitoring, external monitoring facility, watchdog, logical monitoring, temporal monitoring, program sequence monitoring
Time management/Time synchronization provides mechanisms for time synchronization between ECU applications or ECUs itself
Operating System: The Operating System is responsible for run-time resource management (including time) for all Applications on and within the Adaptive Platform. The OS functions in cooperation with Execution Management which is responsible for platform initialization and the start-up / shut-down of Applications. AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform does not specify a new Operating System for highly performant microcontrollers. Rather, it defines an execution context and programming interface for use by Adaptive Applications. (Adaptive applications typically use POSIX based OS in contrast to OSEK based OS of classic platform )
The Communication Management realizes Service-Oriented Communication between
Adaptive AUTOSAR Applications for all levels of communication, e.g. IntraProcess, InterProcess, InterMachine. The Communication Management also provides a built-in safety mechanism (E2E protection)
The Log and Trace provides interfaces for Adaptive Applications to forward logging information onto the communication bus, the console, or to the file system. Each of the provided logging information has its own severity level. For each severity level, a separate method is provided to be used by applications or Adaptive Platform Services
The Identity and Access Management/security management offers applications a standardized interface to access management operations
The Update and (software) Configuration Management functional cluster has the responsibility of updating, installing and removing the software from an Adaptive Platform in a safe and secure way while not sacrificing the dynamic nature of the AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform. It is responsible to check preconditions to ensure installation can be performed safely, Validate the outcome of a software update to the Adaptive Platform and provide a way to revert the Adaptive Platform to a known functional state in case of failure
Till now in this series on AUTOSAR, we have seen only about the classic AUTOSAR platform. Though the classic platform is really good and is able to support powertrain, braking, body control, driver assistance and a lot of other systems, It cannot support connected vehicles, IoT, automated driving and similar technologies related to cloud and automation. For this reason, AUTOSAR created a new platform called adaptive to support these technologies.
The AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform implements the AUTOSAR Runtime for Adaptive Applications. The term “adaptive system” refers to a process in which an interactive system adapts its behavior to individual users based on information acquired, the context of use and its environment. (One example could be autonomous driving with machine learning, where machine learning can learn and adapts its working post-learning. But this is not limited to machine learning it also includes how application adapts to the environment, for example, driving algorithm for icy surfaces have to behave differently compared to normal surfaces )
Below are some elements of Adaptive platform architecture
Execution Management is responsible for platform initialization and the startup and shutdown of Adaptive Applications
Persistency offers mechanisms to Adaptive Applications to store information in the non-volatile memory of a machine. The data is available over boot and ignition cycles
Platform Health management/Health Monitoring satisfies the ISO 26262 requirements under the terms control flow monitoring, external monitoring facility, watchdog, logical monitoring, temporal monitoring, program sequence monitoring
Time management/Time synchronization provides mechanisms for time synchronization between ECU applications or ECUs itself
Operating System: The Operating System is responsible for run-time resource management (including time) for all Applications on and within the Adaptive Platform. The OS functions in cooperation with Execution Management which is responsible for platform initialization and the start-up / shut-down of Applications. AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform does not specify a new Operating System for highly performant microcontrollers. Rather, it defines an execution context and programming interface for use by Adaptive Applications. (Adaptive applications typically use POSIX based OS in contrast to OSEK based OS of classic platform )
The Communication Management realizes Service-Oriented Communication between
Adaptive AUTOSAR Applications for all levels of communication, e.g. IntraProcess, InterProcess, InterMachine. The Communication Management also provides a built-in safety mechanism (E2E protection)
The Log and Trace provides interfaces for Adaptive Applications to forward logging information onto the communication bus, the console, or to the file system. Each of the provided logging information has its own severity level. For each severity level, a separate method is provided to be used by applications or Adaptive Platform Services
The Identity and Access Management/security management offers applications a standardized interface to access management operations
The Update and (software) Configuration Management functional cluster has the responsibility of updating, installing and removing the software from an Adaptive Platform in a safe and secure way while not sacrificing the dynamic nature of the AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform. It is responsible to check preconditions to ensure installation can be performed safely, Validate the outcome of a software update to the Adaptive Platform and provide a way to revert the Adaptive Platform to a known functional state in case of failure
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